預防性戰爭
預防性戰爭是當某一方認為軍事衝突雖然不是迫在眉睫，但已不可避免，拖延下去將帶來更大風險而發動的戰爭。 [1] 進攻的一方認為被攻擊的一方會威脅自己，而且未來被攻擊的一方很有可能會主動發動攻擊[2][3]。若是進攻的一方認為自己即將被襲擊，而率先進攻對方，則是先發制人的打擊。[2]
不過有人認為，未經聯合國批准而發動的預防性戰爭在並不符合國際法[4][5][6][7]，並且缺乏法律依據。[8]聯合國威脅、挑戰和改革問題高級別小組認為如果有充分理由發動預防性戰爭，則應將理由提交聯合國安全理事會討論，由聯合國安全理事會授權發動預防性戰爭。 [9]
參考文獻
- ^ Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms p.413 (2001, as amended 2002).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Taming American Power, Stephen M. Walt, pp 224
- ^ Levy, Jack S. Preventive War: Concept and Propositions. International Interactions. 2011, 37 (1): 87–96. ISSN 0305-0629. S2CID 154345645. doi:10.1080/03050629.2011.546716.
- ^ Beinart, Peter. How America Shed the Taboo Against Preventive War. The Atlantic. 2017-04-21 [2019-03-13] （美國英語）.
- ^ Warren, Aiden; Bode, Ingvild, Warren, Aiden; Bode, Ingvild , 編, Self-Defense in International Law: Preemptive/Preventive Requisites, Governing the Use-of-Force in International Relations: The Post 9/11 US Challenge on International Law, New Security Challenges Series (Palgrave Macmillan UK), 2014: 23–45, ISBN 9781137411440, doi:10.1057/9781137411440_3 （英語）
- ^ Suzanne Uniacke, The False Promise of Preventive War, Henry Shue; David Rodin (編), Preemption: military action and moral justification, Oxford UP: 88, 2007, ISBN 9780199233137
- ^ Shaw, Malcolm. International Law (6th edn). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2008: 1140. ISBN 978-0-521-72814-0.
- ^ Brownlie, Ian. Principles of Public International Law. New York: Oxford University Press. 2008: 734. ISBN 978-0-19-921176-0.
- ^ https://www.unog.ch/80256EDD006B8954/(httpAssets)/C9B1B6D819968E83C1256F5E00597208/$file/Report+of+the+High-level+Panel+on+Threats+Challenges+and+Change.pdf 互聯網檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2021-01-23. p.54