无籽果实
无籽果实是一种被培植至不包含任何成熟种子的果实。无籽水果食用起来通常更为容易、方便,故具有商业价值。
常见品种
常见的无籽果实品种包括西瓜、番茄、[4]葡萄(如Termarina rossa[5])和香蕉。此外,还有众多的无籽柑桔类水果,如橙和柠檬。
培植方法
培植无籽水果最常见的原因是不成功的授粉,或是雌配子体或雄配子体丧失功能。有很多植物具有自交不亲和性(self-incompatibility)的基因,此种特性使植物只容许来自不同遗传的雌雄亲代(即是父亲或母亲)互相授粉。果农便利用这种特性生产无籽果实,例如橙。当这些栽培品种被种植在植株全与自身一样的复制株的果园里时,便会失去制造种子的能力。由于它们是单性结果,所以仍可生产果实。
参考资料
- ^ Frost, H. B., Soost, R. K. (1968) "Seed reproduction: development of gametes and embryos". In: Reuther, W. Webber, H. J., Batchelor, L. D. (eds) The Citrus Industry, vol. II: 290-324 University of California Press, Berkeley,California.
- ^ Gmitter, F. G., Jr., Ling, X. (1991) Embryogenesis in vitro and nonchimeric tetraploid plant recovery from undeveloped Citrus ovules treated with colchicine. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci 116: 317-321
- ^ Soost, R. K., Cameron, J. W. (1985) "'Melogold' a triploid Pummelo-grapefruit hybrid. HortScience 20 :1134-1135
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Nowicki, Marcin; et al, More than meets the eye: A multi-year expressivity analyses of tomato sterility in ps and ps-2 lines (PDF), Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(13):2154-2161; Southern Cross Publishing, 26 October 2013 [2013-10-29], (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-10-03)
- ^ J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours pg 1047 Allen Lane 2012 ISBN 978-1-846-14446-2