無籽果實
無籽果實是一種被培植至不包含任何成熟種子的果實。無籽水果食用起來通常更為容易、方便,故具有商業價值。
常見品種
常見的無籽果實品種包括西瓜、番茄、[4]葡萄(如Termarina rossa[5])和香蕉。此外,還有眾多的無籽柑桔類水果,如橙和檸檬。
培植方法
培植無籽水果最常見的原因是不成功的授粉,或是雌配子體或雄配子體喪失功能。有很多植物具有自交不親和性(self-incompatibility)的基因,此種特性使植物只容許來自不同遺傳的雌雄親代(即是父親或母親)互相授粉。果農便利用這種特性生產無籽果實,例如橙。當這些栽培品種被種植在植株全與自身一樣的複製株的果園裡時,便會失去製造種子的能力。由於它們是單性結果,所以仍可生產果實。
參考資料
- ^ Frost, H. B., Soost, R. K. (1968) "Seed reproduction: development of gametes and embryos". In: Reuther, W. Webber, H. J., Batchelor, L. D. (eds) The Citrus Industry, vol. II: 290-324 University of California Press, Berkeley,California.
- ^ Gmitter, F. G., Jr., Ling, X. (1991) Embryogenesis in vitro and nonchimeric tetraploid plant recovery from undeveloped Citrus ovules treated with colchicine. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci 116: 317-321
- ^ Soost, R. K., Cameron, J. W. (1985) "'Melogold' a triploid Pummelo-grapefruit hybrid. HortScience 20 :1134-1135
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Nowicki, Marcin; et al, More than meets the eye: A multi-year expressivity analyses of tomato sterility in ps and ps-2 lines (PDF), Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(13):2154-2161; Southern Cross Publishing, 26 October 2013 [2013-10-29], (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-10-03)
- ^ J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours pg 1047 Allen Lane 2012 ISBN 978-1-846-14446-2